1. In which year did Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka recapture Warangal from the Tughlaqs?
2. Musunuri Prolaya Nayaka was the son of which of the following?
3. Which place did Musunuri Prolaya Nayaka choose as the centre of his rebel activities against the Tughlaq administrators in 1325 A.D.?
4. The fourteenth-century Vilasa Copperplate grant, a primary source for Musunuri Nayaka history, was issued by whom?
5. Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka's Prolavaram (Guraja) record, a key source for reconstructing Musunuri Nayaka history, is dated to which year?
6. Consider the following statements regarding Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka's accession:
(I) He ascended the throne at Rekapalle after his brother Erapota Nayaka died in battle.
(II) Per Ferishta's account, Kapaya Nayaka approached Ballala III, the king of Carnatic, for support.
(III) Ballala III raised an army and placed part of it under the command of Kapaya Nayaka.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
7. Which of the following titles were assumed by Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka after his rulership of Andhradesa?
8. In which battle was Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka killed by Anapota Nayaka in 1368 A.D.?
9. Consider the following pairs of associates appointed by Musunuri Kapaya Nayaka and their assigned territories:
(I) Anavota Nayaka – Coastal area (headquartered at Rajahmahendravaram)
(II) Muppabhupa – Sabbinadu (capital Ramagiri)
(III) Manchikonda Kunya Nayaka – Korukonda fort
(IV) Namaya Nayaka – Pithapuram
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
10. The founder of the Recherla Velama family was which of the following?
11. The Velugotivari Vamsavali describes Betalanayaka's rise and prominence in which area?
12. Which Kakatiya ruler assigned the administration of Amanagallu to Betalanayaka?
13. Consider the following statements regarding Betalanayaka's sons:
(I) Dama, Prasaditya, and Rudra held important positions during the reign of Ganapatideva.
(II) They continued to hold important positions during the rule of Rudramadevi.
(III) Historian P.V. Parabrahma Sastry's reference to "Rudra, the head of the Recherla Velamas family" indicates Betalanayaka had passed the baton to his sons.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
14. Which Recherla Velama chief, along with Malyala Chaunda, assisted Ganapatideva in consolidating his position on the throne for an expedition to the coastal region?
15. During Ganapatideva's imprisonment at Devagiri following defeat in wars against the Yadava kings, who stood loyal, put down the nobles' revolt, and governed the kingdom until his return?
16. Which Velama chief helped Rudramadevi overcome rebellion by some members of the royal family who were unwilling to acknowledge a woman as ruler?
17. What titles did Prasaditya obtain from Queen Rudramadevi as a reward for his loyalty, according to the Velugotivarivamsavali?
18. Which of the following titles are attributed to Dama Nayudu by the Velugotivari Vamsavali, though unconfirmed by any other literary or epigraphical source?
19. Prasaditya is considered the first Recherla to have received the title, rights, and duties of a Nayaka under which system?
20. Vennama Nayaka and Sabbi Nayaka, sons of Dama, succeeded him. During which invasion of Telangana did Vennama Nayaka fight against the Delhi Sultanate, per the Velugotivarivamsavali?
21. Prataparudra conferred the titles Pandyadalavibhala and Pandyaraya Gajakesari on which Recherla chief for his role in the war against the Pandyas of Madura?
22. The first independent Recherla Velamas ruler, Singama Nayaka I, emerged from among the progeny of which chief?
23. Consider the following statements regarding Singama Nayaka I's reign:
(I) He extended his kingdom as far as Eleshwaram on the banks of the Krishna while Kapaya Nayaka was fighting the Bahmanis.
(II) He seized forts in the doab between the Krishna and the Tungabhadra.
(III) He was assassinated by one Tambalajiyya at the instigation of the Chalukya princes.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
24. In which year was Singama Nayaka I assassinated, following which his enraged descendants massacred the kshatriyas and their allies at the fort of Jallipalli?
25. Which title did Anapota Nayaka and Mada Nayaka assume after avenging their father Singama Nayaka I's assassination?
26. Anapota I ruled from Rachakonda (also known as Rajukonda), while he placed his brother Mada I on the throne of which city to secure that region?
27. The three inscriptions of Anapota I, all dated 1365 A.D., record the construction of a stone fort and a reservoir known by which name?
28. By which year had the kingdom of Rachakonda extended to the Krishna and Tungabhadra in the south and Sanigaram in the north, per the Ainavolu inscription of Anapota I?
29. Anapota I and Mada I, along with their cousin Naga, defeated Anavema Reddy of Kondavidu at which location?
30. Which sacred mountain did Mada I make accessible to pilgrims from Telangana by constructing a flight of steps, as recorded in the Rasarnava Sudhakaram and an inscription at Jatararevu?
31. Consider the following statements regarding the extent of the Recherla Velama kingdom by 1384 A.D.:
(I) Mada I's inscription at Umamaheshwaram states his rule extended between Srisailam and the Vindhya mountains.
(II) Anapota's inscription at Simhachalam indicates coastal campaigns reached up to Simhachalam.
(III) The Recherla Velamas succeeded in annexing part of coastal Andhra during this period.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
32. Singama Nayaka II, son of Anapota I, was also known by which title, reflecting his scholarship?
33. Which two Sanskrit works did Singama Nayaka II compose, contributing to Telugu-region literature?
34. In which battle was the Vijayanagara army chief Saluvaraya killed while attacking Singama Nayaka II, who was aided by the Bahmanis?
35. Which Vijayanagara ruler attacked and occupied the fort of Panugal and Warangal fort in 1397 A.D., while the Recherla Velama chiefs were engaged in coastal Andhra?
36. In 1399 A.D., Singama Nayaka II was succeeded by his sons Anapota II and Rao Madanedu, while which ruler succeeded his father Vedagiri I at Devarakonda?
37. Anapota II and Rao Madanedu provoked conflict with the Reddys of Rajahmahendravaram by offering asylum to which chief?
38. In which year, following the Bahmani-Vijayanagara joint battle at Panugal in which Macha Reddy was killed, did the Velamas kill Pedakomati Vema Reddy and hang him at the entrance of Devarakonda fort?
39. Since Anapota II's son Singama Nayaka III was too young to be king, who ascended the throne as regent at Rachakonda in 1423 A.D.?
40. During 1433–38 A.D., the Bahmanis of Bidar occupied which of the following forts, marking the decline of the Rachakonda kingdom under Singama Nayaka III?
41. Consider the following statements regarding Singama Nayaka III's later years:
(I) He probably retired to Bellamkonda in Guntur district.
(II) He appears to have led an eventful life there till 1455 A.D.
(III) Except for Devarakonda, the rest of the Recherla Velama kingdom was subjugated by the Bahmanis.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
42. Lingama Nayaka reoccupied his lost territories such as Orugallu and Bhuvanagiri in 1461 A.D. with the help of which ruler?
43. Which Bahmani Sultan took advantage of the Orissa succession conflict (after Kapileshwara Gajapati's death in 1470 A.D.) to defeat Lingama Nayaka and occupy Rachakonda and Devarakonda?
44. Consider the following statements regarding the Velamas' relations with the Bahmanis of Gulbarga:
(I) Bahaman Shah I helped Anapota Nayaka I against Kapaya Nayaka.
(II) Feroz Shah II's attack on Panugal fort in 1417 A.D. ended the traditional friendly relationship.
(III) After this, Anapota II joined hands with the Vijayanagara.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
45. Which Bahmani Sultan attacked the forts of Orugallu, Bhongir, Rachakonda, and Devarakonda during the reign of Singama Nayaka III and Lingama Nayaka, ultimately resulting in the subjugation of the Velamas?
46. Which Vijayanagara ruler attacked Panugal fort, taking advantage of Singama Nayaka I and Vedagiri's absence while they were engaged in war with the Reddys in coastal Andhra?
47. Which Velama ruler, who attempted to win territories from the Vijayanagara, ended his career in failure in this endeavour?
48. Which work does Madiki Singana draw a verse from, enjoining the king to be thorough in the sapta upayas (seven strategies)?
49. According to Sukranitisara, how many members were prescribed for the council of ministers?
50. What was the head of the council of ministers called?
51. In which work does Madiki Singana devote a chapter titled Durga Samrakshanamu, discussing the importance and defence of forts?
52. Which of the following were the main hill forts (giri durgas) of the Recherla Velamas?
53. The Draksharama inscription refers to Anapota by which title?
54. Who was the head man of the village in the administrative divisions of the Rachakonda and Devarakonda Velama kingdoms?
55. Under Mada Nayaka I (1361–1384 A.D.), which Brahmin minister was regarded as Rajyangaika durandhrah (expert in statecraft) and Kavivaa (best among poets)?
56. Consider the following statements regarding the Sayampet inscription of Rao Dharma Nayaka (1429 A.D.):
(I) It refers to 12 virtues/shares of a village given to Brahmins.
(II) It indicates that gifts to individual Brahmins were no longer necessary or dharmically appropriate as before.
(III) It shows that gifts to Brahmins became tied to the sectarian nexus of bhakti-centred Hinduism.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
57. Unlike the Kakatiyas, Chalukyas, and Rastrakutas who claimed descent from the lunar race, the Velamas of Rachakonda and Devarakonda claimed equality with which lineage?
58. The Vaisyas, locally called Komatis, were organized into a caste-cum-professional guild known as 'Nakaram' at eighteen different places, with headquarters at which town?
59. Which guild, whose members were mentioned as Balanjasettikandru, competed with the Vaisyas and by the 15th century had absorbed them, indicating a decline in the itinerant nature of Vaisya trade?
60. The Panchamas, constituting the bulk of the lowest social stratum, comprised which two communities?
61. Consider the following statements regarding the position of women, per contemporary works like the Rukmangada Charitra:
(I) A wife should not be angry even if her husband desires the company of another woman.
(II) If the husband dies, the wife should jump into the funeral pyre.
(III) Widows were held in high regard and honoured by society.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
62. Which wife of Alaraju committed Sati when her husband was poisoned to death by Nayakuralu of Palanadu?
63. During the Velama regions of Rachakonda and Devarakonda, the era witnessed the growth of which two religious traditions in Telangana?
64. During Kakatiya times, which of the following were centres of Vaishnavism?
65. The growth of the Vijayanagaras, who patronaged which cult, would have necessitated the Velama kings to extend patronage to the Vaishnava cult in the region?
66. Vedanta Desika of Srirangam was perhaps preceptor of Venna, son of which Velama ruler?
67. Consider the following pairs regarding the two schools of Vaishnavism that crystallized through the efforts of the Srirangam acharyas:
(I) Vadagalai – northern school – led by Vedanta Desika
(II) Tengalai – southern school – led by Pillai Lokacharya
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
68. Which deity was stated in the Ayanavolu inscription to be the Kuladevata (tutelary deity) of the Velamas — contradicting the traditional scholarly view that they were staunch Vaishnavites?
69. Prior to Kakatiya rule, inscriptions issued by feudatories and local chiefs mostly recorded which form of donation to temples, rather than monetary grants?
70. Consider the following statements regarding villages held by the state under Rachakonda and Devarakonda administration:
(I) Villages held directly by the state, where revenue was collected by its own administrative machinery, were called Bhandaaravada gramas or kara villages.
(II) The Mohammedan rulers called these Khalsa or Khas lands.
(III) Villages held by feudatories rendering military service were called Nayaka villages and were hereditary.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
71. In the Domalapally inscription of Mada I (1367 A.D.), which term denotes wet land under a canal?
72. Which land measure, mentioned in the Domalapally inscription of Mada I, was equal to the modern acre?
73. Consider the following statements regarding irrigation in the Rachakonda and Devarakonda region:
(I) The Telangana region is a rain shadow area with a limited river system.
(II) Only the river Krishna touches the region's peripheral zones, with Dindi, Musi, and Aleru as its tributaries.
(III) About 20 inscriptions belonging to Velama kings referring to tanks/wells were found in the region, of which at least four are fragmented.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
74. Which tank was constructed by Anapota I in 1365 A.D., alongside 2 wells, at Rachakonda?
75. Sarvajna Singama II, son of Anapota I, composed which of the following Sanskrit works?
76. Rao Madha Naya, son of Sarvajna Singama II, wrote which Sanskrit commentary on the Ramayana?
77. Which Sanskrit poet of Anapota I wrote Madanavilasa bhanamu?
78. Visveshwara, court poet of Singamabhupala II, wrote a book on Alankara Sastra titled Chamatkara Chandrika, in which he described Sarvagna II by which epithet?
79. Sakalya Mallubattu, court poet of Singama Nayaka III, is also known by which title meaning "poet-grandfather in four languages"?
80. Sakalya Ayyalarya, grandson of Sakalya Mallubattu, was the laureate writer of the Bhaskara Ramayanam at the court of which ruler?
81. Consider the following pairs of Telugu poets and their works during the Velama kingdom period:
(I) Gaurana – Navanatha Charitra and Harichandropakhyanam
(II) Koravi Goparaju – Simhasana Dvatrimsika
(III) Bammara Pothana – Bhogini Dandakam, Andhramaha Bharatham, and Veerabhadra Vijayam
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
82. Which Telugu poet worked on Vishnupuranam, a work that also describes the victories of the Velama kings?
83. Machaldevi, the courtesan of the last Kakatiya ruler Prataparudra, is said to have maintained Chitrasalas (painting museums) in which city?
84. In his greatest work Maha Bhagavatam, poet Potana vividly described the process of mixing how many important colours used for paintings?
85. Consider the following statements regarding the Ramanavami paintings discovered in a temple in Rachakonda:
(I) Their concept appears to have been drawn from the contemporary work Ranganatha Ramayanam.
(II) The paintings were found in the temple located inside the south-east entrance of the fort.
(III) Bahamani Sultans had most of the paintings chiseled out, as decorations were treated as against Shariat law.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
86. The Rachakonda temple paintings are dated to roughly 650 years ago, based on an inscription of 1365 A.D. by which ruler, found in front of the temple of Rama?
87. The Padmanayakas held a unique title, Astadika raya, indicating that they had conquered how many cardinal points of the kingdom?
88. At Pandavulagutta in Warangal district, the cave complex's ending point, containing pre-historic and historic paintings, is called by which name?
89. The gravitational suction technology for drinking water, later adapted by the Rachakonda Velamas and Golconda, was first used in India by which ruler in the 11th century?
90. Which two lakes, constructed by Anapota Nayaka in 1368 A.D. at Rachakonda, supplied drinking water to the palaces via a corbelled canal using gravitational technology?
91. The most important and earliest temple in Rachakonda fort — the Ramalayam — was built in 1365 A.D. by which ruler?
92. The Vaishnavite temple at Naganayakonda Fort is confirmed as Vaishnavite based on which unique architectural feature of the Padmanayaka period?
