1. Who started The Bengal Gazette (Calcutta General Advertiser), the first newspaper in India, in 1780?
2. The Censorship of Press Act, 1799, imposing wartime press restrictions including pre-censorship, was enacted by which Governor-General, anticipating a French invasion of India?
3. Pre-censorship of the press, imposed in 1799, was dispensed with in 1818 under which Governor-General known for progressive views?
4. The Licensing Regulations of 1823, which made starting or using a press without licence a penal offence, were enacted by:
5. Raja Rammohan Roy's journal, which had to stop publication due to the Licensing Regulations of 1823, was called:
6. Which Governor-General repealed the 1823 licensing ordinance through the Press Act of 1835 and earned the title "liberator of the Indian press"?
7. The Licensing Act of 1857, imposed due to the emergency of the revolt, added licensing restrictions on top of the registration procedure already laid down by which earlier Act?
8. The Registration Act of 1867, which was regulatory rather than restrictive, required a copy of every published book to be submitted to the local government within how long of publication?
9. Consider the following statements about the Vernacular Press Act, 1878:
(I) It empowered district magistrates to require printers/publishers to enter into a bond against publishing material causing disaffection.
(II) The magistrate's action under the Act was final, with no right of appeal in a court of law.
(III) It applied equally to both English and vernacular newspapers.
Which of the above is/are correct?
10. The Vernacular Press Act, 1878 was popularly nicknamed:
11. Which newspaper turned overnight into an English newspaper to escape the provisions of the Vernacular Press Act?
12. Who repealed the Vernacular Press Act in 1882?
13. Who became the first Indian journalist to be imprisoned, in 1883, after criticising a Calcutta High Court judge in an editorial in The Bengalee?
14. Tilak was tried and sentenced to eighteen months' rigorous imprisonment following the murder of Rand, based on a poem published in Kesari and a speech justifying whose killing of Afzal Khan?
15. The Newspaper (Incitement to Offences) Act, 1908, aimed against Extremist nationalist activity, empowered magistrates to:
16. Following his trial for sedition, Tilak was transported for six years to which location?
17. The Indian Press Act of 1910, which revived the worst features of the Vernacular Press Act, empowered local government to demand what from the printer/publisher at registration?
18. On the recommendations of a Press Committee chaired by whom were the Press Acts of 1908 and 1910 repealed in 1921?
19. The Indian Press (Emergency Powers) Act, 1931, gave sweeping powers to provincial governments to suppress propaganda relating to which movement?
20. The Calcutta Madrasah, established in 1781 for the study of Muslim law, was set up by:
21. The Sanskrit College at Benaras, established in 1791 for the study of Hindu law and philosophy, was set up by:
22. Fort William College, set up in 1800 for training Company civil servants in Indian languages and customs, was established by:
23. The Charter Act of 1813 directed the Company to sanction how much annually for encouraging learned Indians and promoting knowledge of modern sciences?
24. In the Orientalist-Anglicist controversy, the Anglicists argued that government spending on education should be devoted exclusively to:
25. Lord Macaulay's Minute, which settled the Orientalist-Anglicist controversy in favour of the Anglicists, was issued in which year?
26. The theory that a small English-educated Indian class would act as interpreters between the government and the masses, gradually spreading knowledge downward, is known as the:
27. Which lieutenant-governor of the North-West Provinces (1843-53) developed a scheme of village education through vernacular languages, teaching subjects like mensuration and agriculture?
28. Wood's Despatch of 1854, considered the "Magna Carta of English Education in India," was prepared by:
29. Consider the following statements regarding Wood's Despatch, 1854:
(I) It asked the government to assume responsibility for mass education, repudiating the downward filtration theory on paper.
(II) It recommended vernaculars as the medium of instruction for higher studies and English at school level.
(III) It laid down that education in government institutions should be secular.
Which of the above is/are correct?
30. Universities at Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras, as recommended by Wood's Despatch, were set up in which year?
31. The Bethune School, founded in 1849 at Calcutta and regarded as the first fruit of the movement for women's education, was founded by:
32. The Hunter Education Commission, appointed in 1882 to review progress since Wood's Despatch, mainly confined its recommendations to:
33. The Indian Universities Act of 1904 followed the recommendations of which commission?
34. Gopal Krishna Gokhale described the Indian Universities Act, 1904 as a:
35. In its 1913 Resolution on Education Policy, the government refused to take direct responsibility for which of the following?
36. The Saddler University Commission (1917-19), set up to study problems of Calcutta University, recommended that students enter university after which stage, rather than after matriculation?
37. Between 1916 and 1921, following the Saddler Commission's recommendations being circulated, how many new universities came up in India?
38. Under the Montagu-Chelmsford reforms (Dyarchy), education was transferred to which level of administration?
39. The Hartog Committee (1929) recommended that, for improving standards, university admissions should be:
40. The Sergeant Plan of Education (1944) was worked out by the Central Advisory Board of Education, with Sergeant serving as:
41. The Sergeant Plan aimed to bring India's educational attainment to the level then prevailing in England within how many years?
42. The Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (1937) was formulated, following a Congress-organised National Conference on Education, by a committee headed by:
43. The core principle behind the Wardha Scheme of Basic Education was:
44. As per the Wardha Scheme, teaching was to be conducted in Hindi from class II to VII, with English introduced only after which class?
45. Consider the following statements about the Wardha Scheme of Basic Education:
(I) It proposed the first seven years of schooling as part of a free and compulsory nationwide education system.
(II) It was implemented fully across British India before independence.
(III) Its development was curtailed by the start of the Second World War and the resignation of Congress ministries in October 1939.
Which of the above is/are correct?
46. William Adam's reports of 1835, 1836, and 1838, which pointed out defects in the vernacular education system, covered which regions?
47. In a famous minute of 1853, which Governor-General expressed strong support for vernacular education?
48. The Engineering College at Roorkee, one of India's earliest technical institutions, was set up in which year?
49. Medical training in India began with the establishment of a medical college at Calcutta in which year?
50. Lord Curzon established an agriculture college, which acted as the parent institution for similar colleges in other provinces, at:
51. According to the evaluation of British education policy, illiteracy in India stood at what approximate level in 1921?
52. From 1844 onward, applicants for government employment were required to possess knowledge of which language, accelerating the decline of traditional Indian learning?
53. Consider the following statements on the neglect of women's education under British rule:
(I) The Government feared arousing the wrath of orthodox sections of society.
(II) Women's education had no immediate utility for colonial administrative needs.
(III) The Government actively banned private efforts toward female education.
Which of the above is/are correct?
