1. After Gandhi's arrest in March 1922, a debate started among Congressmen on what to do during which phase of the movement?
2. Who were the three leaders who wanted an end to the boycott of legislative councils?
3. Those who advocated entry into the legislative councils came to be known by which name?
4. Consider the following statements regarding the "No-changers":
(I) They were led by C. Rajagopalachari, Vallabhbhai Patel, Rajendra Prasad and M.A. Ansari
(II) They opposed council entry
(III) They advocated concentration on constructive work
Which of the above is/are correct?
5. At which Congress session was the Swarajists' proposal of "ending or mending" the councils defeated?
6. After the defeat of their proposal, who resigned from the presidentship and secretaryship of the Congress respectively to form the Swarajist Party?
7. What was the full official name of the party formed by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru?
8. Consider the following statements regarding the Swarajists' arguments for council entry:
(I) Entering councils would negate the non-cooperation programme
(II) Council work would enthuse the masses and keep up morale in a political vacuum
(III) Entry would deter the government from stuffing councils with undesirable elements
Which of the above is/are correct?
9. What did the No-Changers argue parliamentary work would lead to?
10. Both the Swarajists and No-Changers wanted to avoid a split similar to which earlier Congress split?
11. Where and when was the compromise reached between Swarajists and No-Changers?
12. In the compromise, Swarajists accepted the Congress programme with only one difference — what was it?
13. Elections to the Central Legislative Assembly and provincial assemblies (following the compromise) were held in which month and year?
14. The Swarajist election manifesto, released in October 1923, took what kind of line?
15. Consider the following statements from the Swarajist manifesto:
(I) The real objective of British reforms was to keep Indians permanently subservient
(II) If self-government demands were rejected, they would adopt uniform, continuous obstruction within councils
(III) Councils were to be preserved and strengthened as organs of gradual transformation
Which of the above is/are correct?
16. In which month and year was Gandhi released from prison on health grounds?
17. Out of how many elected seats did the Swarajists win 42 in the November 1923 elections?
18. In which provincial assembly did the Swarajists win a clear majority?
19. Consider the following statements regarding Gandhi's reconciliation with the Swarajists:
(I) He felt public opposition to council entry would be counter-productive
(II) The Swarajists' courageous functioning convinced him they would not become a limb of colonial administration
(III) A government crackdown on revolutionaries and Swarajists in late 1924 angered him
Which of the above is/are correct?
20. At which Congress session, held in December 1924, was the agreement between Swarajists and No-Changers endorsed?
21. Which national leader presided over the Belgaum Session of the Congress in December 1924 — the only Congress session he ever presided over?
22. The government's strategy of dividing the Swarajists succeeded by splitting them along which lines?
23. The Swarajists lost the support of many Muslims because the party failed to support which cause in Bengal?
24. Who among the following were "Responsivists" among the Swarajists who advocated cooperation with the government?
25. Whose death in 1925 further weakened the Swarajist Party?
26. In which month and year did the main Swarajist leadership withdraw from the legislatures, reiterating faith in mass civil disobedience?
27. The Swarajists finally walked out as a result of which 1930 Congress resolution?
28. Who was elected speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly in 1925, a notable Swarajist achievement?
29. Which bill, aimed at empowering the government to deport undesirable foreigners, was defeated by the Swarajists in 1928?
30. Consider the following statements regarding drawbacks of the Swarajists:
(I) They lacked a policy to coordinate militancy inside legislatures with mass struggle outside
(II) They relied totally on newspaper reporting to communicate with the public
(III) They successfully sustained long-term coalitions with all partners
Which of the above is/are correct?
31. In which two areas of Gujarat did the No-Changers' ashrams work especially among tribals and lower castes?
32. Why was the popularisation of khadi described as an "uphill task"?
33. The third decade of the twentieth century marked, on one hand, the entry of Indian masses into the national movement, and on the other, what else?
34. Which left-wing figures within the Congress represented the rise of Marxist and socialist ideas?
35. Consider the following statements regarding the younger nationalists influenced by socialist ideas:
(I) They were critical of both Swarajists and No-Changers
(II) They advocated purna swarajya (complete independence)
(III) They rejected the question of internal class oppression by capitalists and landlords
Which of the above is/are correct?
36. The Communist Party of India (CPI) was formed in 1920 in which city?
37. Who were among the founders of the CPI in 1920?
38. M.N. Roy holds which distinction related to the Communist International (Comintern)?
39. In which case were communists S.A. Dange, Muzaffar Ahmed, Shaukat Usmani and Nalini Gupta jailed in 1924?
40. At which conference in 1925 was the foundation of the CPI formally established?
41. How many leading communists, trade unionists and left-wing leaders were arrested and tried in the 1929 Meerut Conspiracy Case?
42. Who presided over the All Bengal Students' Conference in 1928?
43. In Gujarat, the 1928 Bardoli Satyagraha, part of the peasant agitations of the period, was led by whom?
44. Consider the following statements about peasant agitations of the 1920s:
(I) In United Provinces, agitations sought revision of tenancy laws and relief from indebtedness
(II) Similar agitations occurred in the Rampa region of Andhra
(III) Agitations also occurred in ryotwari areas of Bombay and Madras
Which of the above is/are correct?
45. The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was founded in which year?
46. Who was the first president of the AITUC?
47. Who was the general secretary of the AITUC at its founding?
48. Which major strike of the 1920s involved 1,50,000 workers and lasted five months?
49. In which city was the first May Day celebrated in India, in 1923?
50. Who led the Self-respect movement (1925) in Madras?
51. Consider the following pairs of caste/social movements and their regions:
(I) Justice Party – Madras
(II) Satyashodhak activists – Satara, Maharashtra
(III) Radical Ezhavas under K. Aiyappan and C. Kesavan – Kerala
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
52. Who led the Unionist Party in Punjab during this period?
53. Which community organised under Ambedkar in Maharashtra during this period, as part of caste movements?
54. b. Consider the following statements on why revolutionary activity was revived after the Non-Cooperation Movement:
(I) The sudden withdrawal of the movement left many revolutionaries disillusioned
(II) Younger nationalists were strongly attracted to the parliamentary work of the Swarajists
(III) They began to question the nationalist leadership's emphasis on non-violence
Which of the above is/are correct?
55. Which two regions saw the emergence of two separate strands of revolutionary groups in this period?
56. Consider the following statements regarding major influences on the revival of revolutionary activity:
(I) Upsurge of working-class trade unionism after the War
(II) The Russian Revolution of 1917
(III) Journals such as Atmasakti, Sarathi and Bijoli
Which of the above is/are correct?
57. Which novel by Sachin Sanyal, extolling revolutionary self-sacrifice, influenced the youth of this period?
58. Which novel by Sharatchandra Chatterjee gained popularity partly because a government ban enhanced its appeal?
59. The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was founded in which year and city?
60. Who were among the founders of the HRA?
61. The HRA aimed to establish a federal republic based on which basic principle?
62. The Kakori robbery, the most important HRA action, took place in which month and year?
63. What did the HRA members loot during the Kakori robbery?
64. How many people were hanged as a result of the government crackdown following the Kakori robbery?
65. Consider the following statements regarding the outcome of the Kakori case:
(I) Seventeen were jailed
(II) Four were transported for life
(III) Four were hanged
Which of the above is/are correct?
66. At which historic location was the HRA reorganised into the HSRA in September 1928?
67. Under whose leadership was the HRA renamed the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)?
68. What official goal did the HSRA adopt at its reorganisation?
69. Lala Lajpat Rai died as a result of lathi blows received while protesting against which commission?
70. In which month and year did Lala Lajpat Rai die from injuries sustained in the anti-Simon Commission lathi-charge?
71. Who was assassinated in Lahore in December 1928 to avenge Lala Lajpat Rai's death?
72. Who, along with Bhagat Singh, carried out the assassination of Saunders?
73. On what date was the bomb thrown in the Central Legislative Assembly?
74. Who threw the bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly in April 1929?
75. Consider the following statements regarding the Assembly bomb action:
(I) It protested the Public Safety Bill and Trade Disputes Bill
(II) The bombs were deliberately made harmless
(III) The objective was to escape arrest and continue underground work
Which of the above is/are correct?
76. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were tried in which conspiracy case?
77. Who became the first martyr among the jailed revolutionaries, dying on the 64th day of his fast in protest against jail conditions?
78. Chandra Shekhar Azad attempted to blow up which Viceroy's train near Delhi in December 1929?
79. Where and when did Chandra Shekhar Azad die in a police encounter?
80. On what date were Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru hanged?
81. In which year did Bhagat Singh help establish the Punjab Naujawan Bharat Sabha as an open wing for political work among youth, peasants and workers?
82. Who, along with Bhagat Singh, organised the Lahore Students' Union for open, legal work among students?
83. Which book, containing the famous statement of the revolutionary position, was written by Bhagwaticharan Vohra?
84. Consider the following statements regarding Bhagat Singh's ideological rethinking:
(I) He moved from a belief in individual heroic action to Marxism and mass-based revolution
(II) He believed exploiters could only be British capitalists, never Indian ones
(III) He drafted rules for the Naujawan Bharat Sabha keeping members away from communal bodies
Which of the above is/are correct?
85. After C.R. Das's death in 1925, the Bengal Congress broke into two factions led by whom?
86. Consider the following pairs regarding the two Bengal Congress factions after 1925:
(I) J.M. Sengupta – backed by the Anushilan group
(II) Subhash Bose – backed by the Yugantar group
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
87. Who made an assassination attempt on the Calcutta Police Commissioner Charles Tegart in 1924, killing another man named Day instead?
88. What was the fate of Gopinath Saha after his attempt on Tegart's life?
89. Who led the Chittagong Revolt Group, the most active and famous of the new "Revolt Groups" in Bengal?
90. Before turning to armed rebellion, Surya Sen worked as what in Chittagong?
91. Surya Sen was imprisoned for revolutionary activity during which years, before continuing to work in the Congress?
92. Which post did Surya Sen hold in the Congress organisation in Chittagong?
93. Surya Sen was an admirer of which poets?
94. Who were among Surya Sen's key associates in planning the armed rebellion in Chittagong?
95. In which month and year was the Chittagong Armoury Raid conducted?
96. Consider the following statements regarding the plan for the Chittagong Armoury Raid:
(I) They aimed to occupy two main armouries to seize and supply arms
(II) They planned to destroy telephone and telegraph lines
(III) They planned to dislocate the railway link of Chittagong with the rest of Bengal
Which of the above is/are correct?
97. How many activists took part in the Chittagong Armoury Raid, under the banner of the Indian Republican Army—Chittagong Branch?
98. During the raid, what did Surya Sen do after taking a salute?
99. In which month and year was Surya Sen arrested?
100. In which month and year was Surya Sen hanged?
101. Which woman revolutionary died while conducting a raid under Surya Sen's leadership?
102. Which woman revolutionary was arrested and tried along with Surya Sen and given a life sentence?
103. Which two schoolgirls of Comilla shot dead the district magistrate in December 1931?
104. Who fired point blank at the governor while receiving her degree at a convocation in February 1932?
105. Consider the following statements regarding the new phase of revolutionary activity in Bengal:
(I) There was large-scale participation of young women, especially under Surya Sen
(II) There was an emphasis on individual action over group action
(III) Earlier tendencies toward Hindu religiosity, such as oath-taking rituals, were shed
Which of the above is/are correct?
106. The shedding of Hindu religious rituals in Surya Sen's group facilitated the participation of which community?
107. In 1933, Jawaharlal Nehru was arrested for sedition and given a two-year sentence for what reason?
108. What did the 1925 HRA Manifesto declare the HRA stood for?
109. During his last days, Ramprasad Bismil appealed to the youth to give up pistols and instead work for what?
