1. Who gave the final shape to the idea of an all-India organisation by organising the first session of the Indian National Congress?
2. In which city was the first session of the Indian National Congress held in December 1885?
3. Who presided over the first session of the Indian National Congress?
4. How many delegates attended the first session of the Indian National Congress?
5. Who were the main architects of the Indian National Conference, held as a prelude to the Indian National Congress?
6. In which years were the two sessions of the Indian National Conference held?
7. Who was the first woman graduate of Calcutta University to address a Congress session, in 1890?
8. Who among the following served thrice as President of the Indian National Congress during its early phase?
9. Which historian described the 'safety valve' notion as originating from a conspiracy by which the Indian National Congress was born to abort a popular uprising?
10. Bipan Chandra described the early Congress leaders as having used Hume as a:
11. Consider the following statements regarding the theories on the founding of the Indian National Congress:
(I) Lala Lajpat Rai believed in the 'safety valve' theory.
(II) R.P. Dutt propounded the 'conspiracy theory'.
(III) Modern Indian historians widely accept the 'safety valve' theory as accurate.
Which of the above is/are correct?
12. Which Act constituted the Imperial Legislative Council?
13. Between 1862 and 1892, how many Indians were nominated to the Imperial Legislative Council?
14. Consider the following pairs regarding demands for self-government made by Moderate leaders:
(I) Dadabhai Naoroji – 1904
(II) Gopal Krishna Gokhale – 1905
(III) Lokmanya Tilak – 1906
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
15. Which Act introduced the principle of representation by having non-official members of the Indian legislative council nominated through bodies such as the Bengal Chamber of Commerce and provincial legislative councils?
16. Under the Indian Councils Act, 1892, the Governor-General's Imperial Legislative Council could have how many non-official members, an increase from the earlier six to ten?
17. Which of the following was NOT a power granted to the Imperial Legislative Council under the Indian Councils Act, 1892?
18. On average, for how many days a year did the 'reformed' Imperial Legislative Council meet during its tenure until 1909?
19. The theory put forward by early nationalists like Dadabhai Naoroji and R.C. Dutt to explain British economic exploitation of India is known as the:
20. In which year was the British Committee of the Indian National Congress established in London?
21. The proposal to hold a Congress session in London in 1892 was postponed owing to:
22. Which of the following statements about the Moderates' methodology is/are correct?
(I) They used the method of 'prayer and petition'.
(II) They resorted to constitutional agitation if petitions failed.
(III) They believed the time was ripe for a direct challenge to British rule.
Which of the above is/are correct?
23. Consider the following pairs of persons and the leader who reactionary elements were encouraged to organise the United Indian Patriotic Association against the Congress:
(I) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
(II) Raja Shiv Prasad Singh of Benaras
Which of the above is/are correctly identified as having been encouraged by officials to counter Congress propaganda?
24. Who, as Viceroy, remarked in 1900 that one of his great ambitions was to assist the Congress to "a peaceful demise"?
25. Lord Dufferin described the Indian National Congress as:
26. Which of the following was NOT among the constitutional reform demands made by nationalists between 1885 and 1892?
27. The public outrage in 1897 was caused by the arrest of which nationalist leader along with several others?
28. The Natu brothers were arrested and deported in 1897 without:
29. Which of the following statements regarding the early nationalists' evaluation is/are correct?
(I) They successfully drew the masses into the movement.
(II) They exposed the exploitative character of colonial rule.
(III) They failed to widen the democratic base and scope of their demands.
Which of the above is/are correct?
30. The moderate phase of the national movement had a narrow social base primarily because:
31. Which of the following was an aim of the Indian National Congress in its initial stage?
32. The Moderates' campaign for Indianisation of government service was based on which grounds?
(I) Economic — British civil servants received high emoluments
(II) Political — salaries and pensions of British officials drained Indian revenue
(III) Moral — Indians were discriminated against and kept from positions of trust
Which of the above is/are correct?
33. The Moderates' criticism of an aggressive foreign policy cited which of the following as costly to the Indian treasury?
(I) Annexation of Burma
(II) Attack on Afghanistan
(III) Suppression of tribals in the North-West
Which of the above is/are correct?
34. The Moderates campaigned for separation of which two functions of administration?
35. Which civil rights did the nationalists campaign to protect during the moderate phase?
36. Who remarked to Gokhale in 1891 that the memorials of the Congress, though nominally addressed to the Government, were in reality addressed to the people?
37. Who described the period from 1858 to 1905 as "the seed time of Indian nationalism"?
38. Who criticised the early nationalist movement as being "at best an opportunist movement" that "opened opportunities for treacheries and hypocrisies"?
39. Pattabhi Sitaramayya defended the early nationalists by comparing them to:
40. The official attitude of the British Indian Government towards the Congress stiffened further after which year, when the government failed to persuade the Congress to confine itself to social issues?
