1. Who gave Prince Henry of Portugal a bull in 1454 conferring the right to navigate to the Orient?
2. In which year did Constantinople fall to the Ottoman Turks?
3. Under the Treaty of Tordesillas, which line was used to divide the non-Christian world between Portugal and Spain?
4. Who was the Portuguese navigator that rounded the Cape of Good Hope in 1487?
5. In which year did Vasco da Gama arrive at Calicut?
6. Who was the Hindu ruler of Calicut who received Vasco da Gama?
7. Which Gujarati pilot guided Vasco da Gama's ships to Calicut?
8. Who led the Portuguese voyage that established a factory at Calicut in September 1500?
9. Vasco da Gama set up a Portuguese trading factory at which port during his second visit to India in 1501-02?
10. Who was appointed as the first Portuguese governor in India in 1505?
11. In which year was the Portuguese squadron defeated in a naval battle off Diu by the combined Egyptian and Gujarat navies?
12. Francisco De Almeida's naval strategy of making the Portuguese master of the Indian Ocean is known as the:
13. Who is regarded as the real founder of Portuguese power in the East?
14. From whom did Albuquerque acquire Goa in 1510?
15. Which social practice did Albuquerque abolish in his area of influence in India?
16. Who shifted the headquarters of the Portuguese government in India from Cochin to Goa?
17. Bahadur Shah of Gujarat ceded which island to the Portuguese in 1534?
18. In which year was the Mughal siege of Hooghly, ordered by Shah Jahan, completed with the capture of the Portuguese settlement?
19. Which Deccan power captured Salsette and Bassein from the Portuguese in 1739?
20. In which year did the Government of India recapture Goa, Daman and Diu from the Portuguese?
21. Who was the first Dutchman to reach Sumatra and Bantam in 1596?
22. In which year was the East India Company of the Netherlands formed by amalgamating various Dutch trading companies?
23. Where did the Dutch found their first factory in India, in 1605?
24. Which port did the Dutch capture from the Portuguese and make their main stronghold in South India?
25. Consider the following pairs regarding Dutch factories in India:
(I) Pulicat – 1609
(II) Surat – 1616
(III) Chinsura – 1653
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
26. The bitter enmity between the Dutch and the English in the East reached its climax in 1623 at:
27. By the 1667 compromise ending Anglo-Dutch rivalry, the Dutch retired from India to concentrate on trade in:
28. Which battle in November 1759 dealt a crushing blow to Dutch ambitions in India?
29. In which year did Queen Elizabeth I issue a charter granting exclusive trading rights to the 'Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East Indies'?
30. Who arrived at the court of Jahangir in 1609 as a representative of King James I of England?
31. Jahangir appointed William Hawkins as a mansabdar of what rank?
32. Who came as an accredited ambassador of James I to Jahangir's court in 1615 and secured permission to set up factories at Agra, Ahmedabad and Broach?
33. Bombay was given to the English East India Company in 1668 on an annual payment of:
34. In which year was the seat of the Western Presidency shifted from Surat to Bombay?
35. Which British merchant received permission from the ruler of Chandragiri in 1639 to build a fortified factory that became Fort St. George?
36. Who negotiated with the Mughals after the raid on Hooghly and signed a treaty in February 1690, leading to the establishment of an English factory at Sutanuti?
37. The fortified English settlement comprising Sutanuti, Gobindapur, and Kalikata was named in 1700 as:
38. The 1715 mission led by John Surman to Emperor Farrukhsiyar's court secured farmans popularly called the:
39. Consider the following statements regarding Farrukhsiyar's farmans of 1717:
(I) The Company's Bengal trade was exempted from additional customs duties beyond the earlier annual payment of Rs 3,000.
(II) The Company was permitted to rent more lands around Calcutta.
(III) Coins minted by the Company at Bombay were to have currency throughout the Mughal empire.
Which of the above is/are correct?
40. In which year did the two rival English trading companies amalgamate as the 'United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies'?
41. Who laid the foundation of the Compagnie des Indes Orientales (French East India Company) in 1664?
42. Who headed an expedition to India in 1667, setting up a French factory in Surat?
43. Pondicherry was founded in 1674 after a site was granted by the governor of Valikondapuram to:
44. In which year did the Dutch capture Pondicherry from the French, before it was restored under the Treaty of Ryswick?
45. In 1720, the French company was reorganised under which name?
46. The Anglo-French rivalry in India, expressed through the three Carnatic Wars, began with the outbreak of which European conflict?
47. The First Carnatic War began when the French, under Admiral La Bourdonnais, seized which city in 1746?
48. The First Carnatic War ended in 1748 with which treaty?
49. The Battle of St. Thome during the First Carnatic War was fought between French forces and the army of:
50. The Second Carnatic War arose from a dynastic dispute following the death of which ruler in 1748?
51. The combined armies of Muzaffar Jang, Chanda Sahib and the French defeated and killed Anwar-ud-din at which battle in 1749?
52. Who led the daring capture of Arcot in August 1751 with a force of only 210 men to relieve pressure on Trichinopoly?
53. Chanda Sahib was executed in June 1752 on the orders of:
54. Who was recalled by the French authorities in 1754 owing to heavy financial losses from his political decisions?
55. Who succeeded Dupleix as French governor-general and concluded a treaty of non-interference with the English?
56. The Third Carnatic War (1758-63) was triggered in Europe by which conflict?
57. The decisive Battle of Wandiwash, fought on January 22, 1760, was won by the English under:
58. Pondicherry surrendered to the English on January 16, 1761, after being defended for eight months by:
59. The Third Carnatic War ended with which 1763 treaty, which restored French factories in India but banned their fortification?
60. Which European power established a factory at Tranquebar near Tanjore in 1620, later selling its Indian factories to the British in 1845?
61. Consider the following statements regarding reasons for English success against other European powers in India:
(I) The English East India Company was controlled by an elected board of directors, unlike the largely State-owned French and Portuguese companies.
(II) Britain's Royal Navy gave it decisive naval superiority over rivals like the Portuguese and French.
(III) The Bank of England enabled Britain to fund its wars through the debt market more effectively than France.
Which of the above is/are correct?
62. Which factor is cited as making British colonial rule more acceptable to Indian subjects compared to other European powers?
