1. In which year did Timur attack Delhi, precipitating the flight of the Tughlaq ruler and the disintegration of the Delhi Sultanat?
2. Which Tughlaq ruler fled Delhi following Timur's invasion?
3. Consider the following statements regarding the regions that first broke away from Delhi after Timur's invasion:
(I) Bengal was among the first regions, along with the Deccan states, to assert independence
(II) Sindh and Multan broke away from Delhi in the west
(III) Gujarat, Malwa and Jaunpur declared independence before Bengal did
Which of the above is/are correct?
4. Which Rajput ruler of Mewar invited Babur to India, hoping that the destruction of Lodi power would leave Mewar as the strongest state in north India?
5. In which year did Bengal break away from Delhi during the reign of Muhammad Tughlaq?
6. Who captured Lakhnauti and Sonargaon and ascended the throne as Sultan Shamsuddin Ilyas Khan?
7. In which fort did Ilyas Khan take shelter after being defeated by Firuz Tughlaq?
8. Which river was fixed as the boundary between the Delhi Sultanat and Bengal under the treaty concluded by Firuz Tughlaq and Ilyas Khan?
9. In which year did Sher Shah invade Bengal, ending nearly two centuries during which it had not been attacked by Delhi?
10. Who was the most famous sultan of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty of Bengal, renowned for his love of justice?
11. With which famous Persian poet did Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah maintain close relations?
12. In which year did the Chinese emperor send an envoy with presents to the Bengal sultan and request that Buddhist monks be sent to China?
13. Under which ruler was there a brief spell of Hindu rule in Bengal, with his sons afterward preferring to rule as Muslims?
14. What title was granted to Maladhar Basu, the compiler of Sri-Krishna-Vijaya, by the sultans of Bengal?
15. Consider the following statements regarding the reign of Alauddin Hussain Shah of Bengal (1493–1519):
(I) His wazir was a Hindu
(II) The chief physician, chief of the bodyguard, and master of the mint under him were also Hindus
(III) He showed great respect to the Vaishnavite saint Chaitanya
Which of the above is/are correct?
16. From which region did the Ahoms, who established a kingdom in Assam, originally migrate?
17. Which Ahom ruler, considered the greatest of his line, changed his name to Svarga Narayana after repulsing a Muslim attack?
18. Which Vaishnavite reformer, associated with the spread of Vaishnavism in Assam, belonged to the time of Suhungmung?
19. Which river was accepted as the northeastern boundary between Bengal and the kingdom of Kamta?
20. Which Bengal sultan destroyed the city of Kamtapur and annexed the Kamta kingdom to Bengal, with Ahom support?
21. Which famous temple did Firuz Tughlaq desecrate during his 1360 raid on Orissa?
22. Which dynasty rose to prominence in Orissa after the prestige of the Ganga dynasty was destroyed by the raids of Ilyas Shah and Firuz Tughlaq?
23. Which river marked the frontier between Bengal and Orissa territories?
24. What title did Zafar Khan assume when he formally proclaimed himself ruler of Gujarat in 1407?
25. Who is regarded as the real founder of the kingdom of Gujarat, credited with consolidating the nobility and expanding the state?
26. In which year did Ahmad Shah I lay the foundation of the city of Ahmedabad?
27. From which city did Ahmad Shah I shift the capital of Gujarat to found Ahmedabad?
28. Consider the following statements regarding the reign of Ahmad Shah I of Gujarat:
(I) He imposed jizyah on the Hindus of Gujarat for the first time
(II) His ministers Manik Chand and Motichand belonged to the Bania trader community
(III) He had his own son-in-law executed for committing murder
Which of the above is/are correct?
29. Which fort in Saurashtra, captured by Ahmad Shah I, was restored to its raja on his promise to pay tribute?
30. For approximately how many years did Mahmud Begarha rule over Gujarat?
31. Capturing which two forts earned Mahmud of Gujarat the title "Begarha"?
32. Which town did Mahmud Begarha found at the foot of the Girnar hill, which became the second capital of Gujarat?
33. Which port did Mahmud Begarha sack on the ground that it harboured pirates preying on the pilgrim traffic to Mecca?
34. Which town did Mahmud Begarha found near Champaner, where he laid out gardens and made his principal residence?
35. With the ruler of which country did Mahmud Begarha ally in an unsuccessful attempt to check Portuguese naval power?
36. Who was the Sanskrit court poet patronised by Mahmud Begarha?
37. Which traveller described Mahmud Begarha as having been nourished on poison from childhood?
38. The powerful fort of Girnar ultimately fell to Mahmud Begarha chiefly due to which factor, despite the raja's gallant resistance?
39. Between which two rivers was the plateau of Malwa situated?
40. To which highly defensible city did the rulers of Malwa shift their capital from Dhar?
41. Which Malwa ruler adopted a policy of broad religious toleration and encouraged Rajputs to settle in his kingdom?
42. Which Jain merchant served as treasurer and adviser to Hushang Shah of Malwa?
43. Who is considered the most powerful ruler of Malwa, known for destroying temples during his conflicts with Rana Kumbha of Mewar?
44. Which Malwa ruler was defeated and imprisoned by Muzaffar Shah of Gujarat, and later released and reinstated on the throne?
45. Which Rajput leader founded the state of Marwar, with its capital at Jodhpur established in 1465?
46. Who is regarded as the virtual founder of Mewar, said to have migrated from Gujarat in the seventh century?
47. Which ruler of Chittor, of the Guihil line, was ousted by Alauddin Khalji?
48. Which clan, formerly feudatories of the Guihils, took over rule of Chittor after its conquest by Alauddin Khalji?
49. Which ruler raised Mewar to the status of the most powerful state in Rajasthan during his reign from 1433 to 1468?
50. Consider the following statements regarding Rana Kumbha's conflicts with his neighbours:
(I) He sought to conquer Bundi, Kotah and Dungarpur on the Gujarat border
(II) Kumbhalgarh was besieged by Gujarat forces during his reign
(III) Mahmud Khalji of Malwa raided as far as Ajmer and installed his own governor there
Which of the above is/are correct?
51. Under whose leadership did the Rathors of Marwar wage a successful struggle for independence from Mewar?
52. What is the name of the Victory Tower built by Rana Kumbha at Chittor?
53. By whom was Rana Kumbha murdered in order to gain the throne of Mewar?
54. In which year did Rana Sanga, grandson of Rana Kumbha, ascend the gaddi of Mewar after a fratricidal conflict with his brothers?
55. Which powerful Rajput leader of eastern Malwa appealed to Rana Sanga for help after falling out with Mahmud II of Malwa?
56. In which year did Rana Sanga defeat Mahmud II of Malwa and carry him prisoner to Chittor?
57. Which region of Malwa, including Chanderi, passed under the overlordship of Rana Sanga after his victory over Mahmud II?
58. Which Lodi ruler invaded Mewar but suffered a sharp defeat at the hands of Rana Sanga?
59. At which battle did Ibrahim Lodi suffer a reverse at the hands of Rana Sanga, prompting his withdrawal to consolidate his internal position?
60. Consider the following statements regarding Rana Kumbha's contributions besides warfare:
(I) He was himself a learned man and composed a number of books
(II) He dug several lakes and reservoirs for irrigation purposes
(III) He founded the city of Ahmedabad as his new capital
Which of the above is/are correct?
61. What title, meaning "Lord of the East," was given to Malik Sarwar, from which the Sharqi dynasty of Jaunpur took its name?
62. At which city did the Sharqi sultans establish their capital, which later came to be known as the "Shiraz of the East"?
63. Which noted Hindi poet, author of Padmavat, lived at Jaunpur under the patronage of the Sharqi sultans?
64. In which year did Bahlul Lodi occupy Jaunpur and annex the Sharqi kingdom?
65. At which fort did the exiled Sharqi king live out his final years after his kingdom was annexed by the Lodis?
66. Which iqta had been granted to Bahlul Lodi before his rise to power in Delhi?
67. Which warlike tribe of the Salt Ranges did Bahlul Lodi check before dominating the Punjab?
68. In which year did Bahlul Lodi formally crown himself, bringing the Saiyid dynasty of Delhi to an end?
69. Consider the following statements regarding Bahlul Lodi's invitation to the Afghans of Roh to come to India:
(I) He issued the invitation because he found himself in a weak position against the Sharqis
(II) The Afghan historian Abbas Sarwani records that the Afghans came "like locusts" to join his service
(III) This large-scale Afghan influx made the Afghans a numerous element only in south India
Which of the above is/are correct?
70. For how long did Sikandar Lodi, the most important Lodi sultan, rule Delhi?
71. The rent rolls prepared during whose reign later formed the basis of Sher Shah's rent rolls?
72. Which well-known Hindu temple did Sikandar Lodi demolish during his campaigns?
73. In which year did Sikandar Lodi select the site for the founding of the city of Agra?
74. Consider the following statements regarding Sikandar Lodi's territorial expansion:
(I) He conquered Dholpur and Gwaliyar
(II) He took the Khan of Nagaur under his protection
(III) He personally led the campaign against Mewar that was repulsed by Rana Sanga
Which of the above is/are correct?
75. Which Mongol leader devastated Kashmir with a massacre in 1320, weakening the Hindu government there?
76. Who is considered the greatest of the Muslim monarchs of Kashmir, ruling from 1420 to 1470?
77. Under which Kashmiri sultan did a vehement persecution of the Brahmans take place, ordering them to convert to Islam or leave the valley?
78. On whose instance were the orders for persecuting the Brahmans of Kashmir issued under Sikandar Shah?
79. Consider the following statements regarding Zainul Abidin's policy of religious toleration in Kashmir:
(I) He abolished jizyah and the ban on cow slaughter
(II) He withdrew the ban on sati to respect Hindu wishes
(III) He had all the temples destroyed under Sikandar Shah permanently demolished
Which of the above is/are correct?
80. What is the name of the artificial island built by Zainul Abidin in the Woolur Lake, on which he constructed his palace and a mosque?
81. By what title is Zainul Abidin still remembered among the Kashmiris?
82. Which region did Zainul Abidin conquer, referred to as "Tibbat-i-buzarg"?
83. In which city did Ahmad Shah I build the Jama Masjid and the Tin Darwaza, exemplifying the distinctive Gujarat style of architecture?
84. Which building at Champaner, noted for its covered courtyard and use of Jain architectural principles, still attracts attention today?
85. Consider the following statements regarding the architecture of Mandu, the Malwa capital:
(I) Its buildings were massive and made to look even more so through the use of a very lofty plinth
(II) Large-scale use of coloured and glazed tiles provided variety to the buildings
(III) The Jahaz Mahal and Hindola Mahal are among its best-known buildings
Which of the above is/are correct?
86. Which two territories did Alauddin Hussain Shah of Bengal wrest from the Arakan king and conquer respectively?
87. Which duty on grain did Sikandar Lodi abolish as part of his interest in promoting agriculture?
88. What was the name of the new measurement of the yard introduced by Sikandar Lodi, which continued to be used until Mughal times?
89. Consider the following statements regarding Zainul Abidin's family and administration in Kashmir:
(I) His first two queens were Hindus, daughters of the Raja of Jammu
(II) Sriya Bhatt served as his minister of justice and court physician
(III) All four of his sons were born to his third wife
Which of the above is/are correct?
90. Besides the Rajatarangini, which major Sanskrit epic was translated into Persian at the instance of Zainul Abidin?
91. Which historical chronicle of Kashmir, composed by Kalhana, was translated into Persian and brought up to date under Zainul Abidin?
92. Zainul Abidin sent two persons to which city to learn the arts of paper-making and book-binding?
93. Which craft, for which Kashmir is especially famous, did Zainul Abidin particularly encourage?
94. Which ruler sent Zainul Abidin two rare Sanskrit works on music on hearing of the sultan's fondness for the subject?
