1. In which year did Jalaluddin Khalji overthrow the successors of Balban and establish the Khalji dynasty?
2. Which Turkish noble family's monopoly over high offices ended with the rise of the Khaljis?
3. Consider the following statements about Jalaluddin Khalji:
(I) He was the first Delhi Sultanat ruler to hold that the state should rest on the willing support of the governed.
(II) He argued that India could not be a truly Islamic state since the majority of its people were Hindus.
(III) He pursued a policy of harsh punishment to overawe the nobility.
Which of the above is/are correct?
4. How long did Jalaluddin Khalji rule before Alauddin came to power?
5. Jalaluddin Khalji's policy of tolerance and mild punishment was considered by many of his own supporters to be:
6. Alauddin Khalji came to the throne after murdering which relative, who was also his father-in-law?
7. As governor of which region did Alauddin accumulate a vast treasure by invading Deogir before seizing the throne?
8. Consider the following statements regarding Alauddin Khalji's early consolidation of power:
(I) Most nobles who had defected to him for gold were later killed or dismissed.
(II) He gave harsh punishments even to the wives and children of rebels, a practice historian Barani calls new.
(III) He resorted to a wholesale massacre of Mongol settlers in Delhi who had rebelled over loot from Gujarat.
Which of the above is/are correct?
9. Which of the following regulations did Alauddin Khalji impose on the nobles to prevent conspiracies?
10. What institution did Alauddin Khalji set up to keep himself informed of what the nobles said and did?
11. In which year did Alauddin Khalji die?
12. After Alauddin Khalji's death, who raised his minor son to the throne while imprisoning or blinding his other sons?
13. Who killed Malik Kafur after he installed Alauddin's minor son on the throne?
14. Consider the following statements about Khusrau, who ascended the Delhi throne after Malik Kafur:
(I) He was a Hindu convert to Islam.
(II) The famous Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya refused to acknowledge him.
(III) His accession showed that Muslims of Delhi were prepared to obey a ruler irrespective of racial background.
Which of the above is/are correct?
15. In which year was Khusrau defeated and killed by the rebellion led by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq?
16. Consider the following pairs regarding the Tughlaq dynasty's three competent rulers:
(I) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq – founder of the dynasty
(II) Muhammad bin Tughlaq – son of Ghiyasuddin
(III) Firuz Shah Tughlaq – nephew of Ghiyasuddin
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
17. Until which year did the Tughlaq dynasty formally continue to rule, even though its empire had effectively collapsed earlier?
18. Which event is generally regarded as marking the end of the Tughlaq empire, even though the dynasty nominally continued afterward?
19. Whose empire, among the Tughlaq rulers, was smaller than his predecessors' but still nearly as large as that of Alauddin Khalji?
20. In which year did Alauddin Khalji's generals conquer Gujarat, defeating its ruler Rai Karan?
21. Which famous temple in Gujarat was plundered and sacked during Alauddin's conquest of the region?
22. Who was captured at Cambay during the Gujarat campaign and later rose to become one of Alauddin's most trusted generals?
23. With the help of which ruler did the ousted Gujarat king Rai Karan manage to hold on to a portion of south Gujarat?
24. Which fort, ruled by Hamirdeva and reputed to be the strongest in Rajasthan, was captured by Alauddin Khalji in 1301 after a three-month siege ending in jauhar?
25. Why did Hamirdeva of Ranthambhor refuse Alauddin's demand to expel or kill certain refugees who had taken shelter there?
26. In which year did Alauddin Khalji storm Chittor, leading to jauhar by the Rajputs including Queen Padmini?
27. Consider the following statements about the Padmini legend associated with Alauddin's attack on Chittor:
(I) The legend claims Alauddin coveted Padmini, the queen of Ratan Singh.
(II) Many modern historians reject the legend as it appears for the first time only over a hundred years later.
(III) The legend was elaborated by the Hindi poet Malik Muhammad Jaisi.
Which of the above is/are correct?
28. After the fall of Chittor, to whom was its charge initially assigned by Alauddin?
29. Unlike the Rajput states, which region conquered by Alauddin was brought under direct administration with a governor appointed to look after it?
30. Consider the following statements about Alauddin's dealings with Rai Ramachandra of Deogir:
(I) Ramachandra was defeated and brought to Delhi by Malik Kafur after tribute payments fell into arrears.
(II) He was honourably treated and restored to his dominions with the title of Rai Rayan.
(III) One of his daughters was married to Alauddin.
Which of the above is/are correct?
31. Between which years did Malik Kafur lead his two major campaigns into south India, against Warangal and then against Dwar Samudra, Mabar, and Madurai?
32. Which title did Alauddin Khalji confer on Malik Kafur following the success of his south Indian campaigns?
33. During Malik Kafur's Mabar campaign, which wealthy temple town did he plunder without being able to defeat the Tamil armies in a pitched battle?
34. Which ruler's death in 1315 led his sons to throw off Delhi's overlordship, prompting Malik Kafur to crush the rebellion and impose direct administration over Deogir?
35. Which sultan's slave, Khusrau Khan, made a plundering raid into Mabar and sacked the city of Masulipatnam without making any conquest?
36. Who was posted to Deogir by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq to pursue a vigorous forward policy in the south, eventually annexing Mabar and Warangal?
37. By which year had the territories of the Delhi Sultanat expanded to reach as far as Madurai?
38. Which was the last Hindu principality in south Karnataka to be annexed by the Delhi Sultanat, in 1328?
39. How many separate markets did Alauddin Khalji set up in Delhi to control prices of different categories of goods?
40. What title was given to the high officer who controlled each of Alauddin's markets and maintained a register of merchants?
41. In the doab region, Alauddin ensured land revenue was paid directly to the state by prohibiting villages there from being assigned in:
42. To what proportion of the produce did Alauddin raise the land revenue demand in the doab?
43. Who transported foodgrains from villages to towns for sale at state-fixed prices under Alauddin's market control system?
44. Alauddin Khalji was the first Delhi sultan to pay his soldiers in what form?
45. Consider the following statements about historian Barani's account of Alauddin's market control:
(I) Barani believed a major objective was to punish Hindus, since most traders were Hindus.
(II) Barani notes that overland trade to West and Central Asia was largely in the hands of Muslim Khurasanis and Multanis.
(III) Barani states that Alauddin's measures affected only Hindu merchants and spared all Muslim traders.
Which of the above is/are correct?
46. What term did Alauddin use for the landlords in the doab, such as khuts and muqaddams, whom he sought to tax on the same basis as ordinary cultivators?
47. Alauddin's land revenue assessment in the doab was based on what method, a first for the Sultanat?
48. Muhammad bin Tughlaq's father, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, died when a hastily erected structure collapsed during a reception after a successful campaign in which region?
49. To which city did Muhammad bin Tughlaq attempt to transfer the capital from Delhi, renaming it in the process?
50. Consider the following statements about Muhammad bin Tughlaq's transfer of the capital:
(I) He ordered officers, followers, leading men, and Sufi saints to shift to Daulatabad.
(II) The entire population of Delhi was compelled to move to Daulatabad.
(III) Many people died on the journey due to the rigours of travel and summer heat.
Which of the above is/are correct?
51. Why did Muhammad bin Tughlaq eventually abandon Daulatabad and return the capital to Delhi?
52. Muhammad bin Tughlaq's token currency scheme introduced a bronze coin intended to carry the same value as which silver coin?
53. What was the main reason Muhammad bin Tughlaq's token currency experiment ultimately failed?
54. Which two rulers outside India had already experimented with token currency before Muhammad bin Tughlaq, providing possible inspiration?
55. Muhammad bin Tughlaq's expedition into the Kumaon hills of the Himalayas, in which nearly all of a 10,000-strong army was lost, is known as the:
56. What was the name of the department Muhammad bin Tughlaq set up to extend and improve cultivation in the doab through loans to cultivators?
57. Consider the following statements about the peasant rebellion in the Gangetic doab early in Muhammad bin Tughlaq's reign:
(I) Historians attribute the trouble to over-assessment of land revenue.
(II) The state's revenue share was raised above the half-produce level fixed by Alauddin.
(III) A severe famine lasting several years worsened the crisis.
Which of the above is/are correct?
58. Muhammad bin Tughlaq's policy of admitting people from castes such as barbers, cooks, and weavers into the nobility was most strongly denounced by which contemporary historian?
59. What catastrophe struck Muhammad bin Tughlaq's army during his campaign in south India, from which he never fully recovered?
60. Which empire was founded by the brothers Harihara and Bukka after their rebellion in south India during Muhammad bin Tughlaq's reign?
61. The Bahmani kingdom was established near which city by foreign nobles who rebelled against Delhi in the Deccan?
62. Which region became independent from Delhi during the closing years of Muhammad bin Tughlaq's reign and remained lost to the Sultanat despite two later campaigns by Firuz Tughlaq?
63. Where did Muhammad bin Tughlaq die, just before his cousin Firuz Tughlaq succeeded him?
64. Firuz Tughlaq decreed that on a noble's death, succession to his position and iqta should pass first to his:
65. Firuz Tughlaq abolished the earlier practice of torturing nobles and officials over what issue?
66. Under Firuz Tughlaq's military policy, soldiers were paid not in cash but through:
67. Consider the following statements about Firuz Tughlaq's religious policy:
(I) He made jizyah a separate tax, distinct from land revenue for the first time.
(II) He exempted Brahmans from paying jizyah in line with the sharia.
(III) He publicly burnt a Brahman for preaching to the people, including Muslims.
Which of the above is/are correct?
68. Which of the following humanitarian measures was undertaken by Firuz Tughlaq?
69. Approximately how many slaves did Firuz Tughlaq gather through his policy of collecting handsome, well-born young boys from conquered places?
70. The longest canal built or repaired by Firuz Tughlaq, running about 200 kilometres, connected the Sutlej river to which town?
71. Which two towns, both of which exist even today, were founded by Firuz Tughlaq as part of his public works programme?
72. Firuz Tughlaq patronized the translation of Hindu religious and scientific works from which language into Persian?
73. In which year did Timur invade and sack Delhi, an event that weakened the already declining Delhi Sultanat?
74. Timur claimed a blood relationship with which earlier conqueror?
75. Consider the following statements about the aftermath of Timur's invasion:
(I) Timur's raid was primarily a plundering expedition aimed at seizing accumulated wealth.
(II) He took a large number of Indian artisans, such as masons and stone cutters, to help build in his capital, Samarqand.
(III) The invasion had a lasting, direct political effect by permanently annexing Delhi to Timur's empire.
Which of the above is/are correct?
76. Under which ruler, who governed from 1394 to 1412, did the Delhi Sultanat shrink to the point that its authority was jokingly said to extend "from Delhi to Palam"?
